Post by Queue on Nov 20, 2011 12:09:27 GMT -5
Early Sustainable Aquaculture
Aquaculture traces its roots back thousands of years. Local farmers and fishers have cultured fish, mollusks, and crustaceans for generations, using traditional methods and local ingenuity to improve their living conditions through low-intensity aquaculture.
Though these systems produced low yields, production was sufficient to meet the needs of local residents. Such early systems are still practiced by many indigenous coastal peoples. But newer, more intensive systems of aquaculture have recently overshadowed the traditional forms, and actually threaten these earlier systems.
Working Models for Sustainability
We offer sketches of 3 models for sustainable shrimp production:
two models from traditional aquaculture
one model involving intensive technological and capital inputs
These forms of shrimp aquaculture are all currently being practiced in areas of the world today, and they all appear to meet most, if not all of the criteria for sustainable shrimp culture:
maintain the integrity of affected ecosystems;
equitable balance with natural resources and resource-users of affected coastal zone;
structured to promote social and economic equity within and between nations; and
economically viable.
Traditional Extensive Systems
Some traditional shrimp aquaculture methods have been practiced sustainably on a small-scale for thousands of years. These systems are low-intensity, usually sustainable systems which depend on diurnal tidal inundations to supply the larval shrimp and all of their food nutrients to the ponds.
The ponds are usually relatively small, and often placed within the mangrove forests. Since mangroves also serve as natural shrimp nurseries, there are sufficient supplies of shrimp larvae to naturally stock the ponds.
Excavation of shallow ponds among the mangroves allows a containment area for juvenile shrimp to mature and requires little maintenance. Stocking rates are less than 10,000 fry per ha (<1 per m2). These are usually polyculture ponds, containing finfish, such as milkfish, in combination with shrimp. Yields are low, perhaps less than 500 kg per ha per annual harvest, but this provides additional supplemental income and protein source to make such production worthwhile. Traditional pond production mainly satisfies local consumer needs, and very little product is exported
Complete Reference
pakagri.blogspot.com/2011/07/sustainable-alternatives-of-shrimp.html
Aquaculture traces its roots back thousands of years. Local farmers and fishers have cultured fish, mollusks, and crustaceans for generations, using traditional methods and local ingenuity to improve their living conditions through low-intensity aquaculture.
Though these systems produced low yields, production was sufficient to meet the needs of local residents. Such early systems are still practiced by many indigenous coastal peoples. But newer, more intensive systems of aquaculture have recently overshadowed the traditional forms, and actually threaten these earlier systems.
Working Models for Sustainability
We offer sketches of 3 models for sustainable shrimp production:
two models from traditional aquaculture
one model involving intensive technological and capital inputs
These forms of shrimp aquaculture are all currently being practiced in areas of the world today, and they all appear to meet most, if not all of the criteria for sustainable shrimp culture:
maintain the integrity of affected ecosystems;
equitable balance with natural resources and resource-users of affected coastal zone;
structured to promote social and economic equity within and between nations; and
economically viable.
Traditional Extensive Systems
Some traditional shrimp aquaculture methods have been practiced sustainably on a small-scale for thousands of years. These systems are low-intensity, usually sustainable systems which depend on diurnal tidal inundations to supply the larval shrimp and all of their food nutrients to the ponds.
The ponds are usually relatively small, and often placed within the mangrove forests. Since mangroves also serve as natural shrimp nurseries, there are sufficient supplies of shrimp larvae to naturally stock the ponds.
Excavation of shallow ponds among the mangroves allows a containment area for juvenile shrimp to mature and requires little maintenance. Stocking rates are less than 10,000 fry per ha (<1 per m2). These are usually polyculture ponds, containing finfish, such as milkfish, in combination with shrimp. Yields are low, perhaps less than 500 kg per ha per annual harvest, but this provides additional supplemental income and protein source to make such production worthwhile. Traditional pond production mainly satisfies local consumer needs, and very little product is exported
Complete Reference
pakagri.blogspot.com/2011/07/sustainable-alternatives-of-shrimp.html